Which of the following best describes the funding distribution under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act?

The funding distribution under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) is designed to provide targeted support to schools that serve low-income students. This focus ensures that federal resources are allocated in a manner that addresses disparities in education and provides additional assistance to schools and districts with high concentrations of poverty. By directing funds to these schools, the ESEA aims to improve educational opportunities and outcomes for those students who may face additional challenges due to their socioeconomic status.

In contrast, options like equitable funding among all schools or flat funding would not accurately capture the purpose of the ESEA. The act emphasizes the importance of addressing the unique needs of disadvantaged schools rather than distributing resources equally regardless of the population they serve. Similarly, funding based solely on student enrollment numbers does not consider the socio-economic factors affecting educational equity, which is a fundamental goal of the ESEA. Therefore, the emphasis on targeting funding to schools serving low-income students is distinct and central to the principles outlined in the ESEA.